Ganeshalingam, Moganatharsa (2023) Role of lipidomics in assessing the functional lipid composition in maternal breast milk lipidome and influences on infant health outcomes during the first year of life. Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.
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Abstract
Breast milk lipids are complex molecules mediating infant structural and functional activities. Bioinformatics tools help to increase the understanding of potential mechanisms behind normal physiological function, disease phenotypes, and find novel biomarkers. Among other techniques, we found that redundancy analysis and nonnegative matrix factorization were the best multivariate approaches to reduce the data dimension and demonstrated a clear distinction between maternal group and lipid profiles. The analysis conducted shows that sphingomyelin (SM), triglyceride (TG), ceramide (Cer), and phosphatidylinositol (PI) enriched saturated fatty acid molecular species and TG containing long-chain fatty acids, as well as monoglyceride (MG) enriched with omega 6 fatty acids was significantly higher in the obese mother’s breast milk. The SM, diglyceride, and MG containing oleic acid, TG containing short-chain fatty acid, and plasmalogen containing phosphatidylethanolamine PE, as well as the following oxylipins: 12(13)-epoxy octadecenoic acid (12(13)-EPOME), 9(10)-dihydroxy octadecenoic acid (9(10)-DiHOME), 5(S)-hydroxy eicosa pentanoic acid (5(S)HEPE), and oxidized TG were significantly higher in the lean mother’s breast milk. SM (d16:0/18:1), PE (18:0p/18:1), SM (d22:0/18:1), SM (d20:1/18:1), PE (18:0p/18:1), PE (18:0p/20:1) and PE (18:0p/18:2) were identified as good biomarkers to predict Fat-Free Mass Index. Similarly, phosphatidylcholine (PC) PC (18:0/16:0), PC (16:0/16:0), PS (18:0/20:3), phosphatidylserine (PS) (18:0/18:1), PE (18:0/16:0), Cer (16:0/16:0), PI (16:0/16:0), PI (18:0/16:0), and MG (18:2) were identified as good biomarkers to predict eczema.15- hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), 15-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HpETE), 19(20)-epoxy-docosapentaenoic acid (19(20)-EpDPE), and Ox-TG are good biomarkers to predict diarrhea in infants during the first year of life. 15-HpETE and 19(20)-EpDPE are good biomarkers to predict wheezing in infants during the first year of life. The glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism were the pivotal pathways associated with the altered breast milk lipidome observed in infants during the first year of life. These findings help to understand better how possibly augmentation of maternal nutritional intake could potentially enhance the breast milk lipid profile, which could help improve infant growth and disease outcome during early life.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| URI: | http://research.library.mun.ca/id/eprint/16096 |
| Item ID: | 16096 |
| Additional Information: | Includes bibliographical references -- Restricted until December 30, 2025 |
| Keywords: | lipidomics, breast milk lipidome, functional lipid, bioinformatics |
| Department(s): | Grenfell Campus > School of Science and the Environment > Boreal Ecosystems and Agricultural Sciences |
| Date: | May 2023 |
| Date Type: | Submission |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.48336/3KCG-W186 |
| Library of Congress Subject Heading: | Breast milk; Lipidoses; Bioinformatics; Infants--Health risk assessment; Lipids in nutrition |
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