Design and analysis of a community size solar powered reverse osmosis desalination water system for Pakistan

Uddin, Sheikh Usman (2023) Design and analysis of a community size solar powered reverse osmosis desalination water system for Pakistan. Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfounland.

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Abstract

Water crisis and global warming are two of the biggest challenge of the world. Around 1.1 billion people in the world do not have access to clean water whereas producing water by different purification methods required extensive amount of energy which is generated by burning fossil fuels impacting the environment. This thesis proposes a design of a solar powered reverse osmosis desalination system for a community in Pakistan, which would address the water issue problem for a community in Karachi Pakistan. The design and system sizing of the solar powered reverse osmosis system was done in HOMER Pro followed by techno-economic feasibility analysis of the complete system. The comprehensive dynamic modelling of the system was carried out using the bond graph modelling approach where multidisciplinary systems are modelled using a common bond graph language. 20sim simulation software was used for dynamic analysis of the system. Moreover, a detailed instrumentation system design and control system design was made. After finalization of instrumentation and control design a low-cost, open-source, internet-of-things (IOT) based SCADA system as design was made using field instrument devices and Node-Red. A comprehensive alert system was further integrated with the SCADA design to provide status and updates to the community. Local database was also generated and data was imported by Grafana data analytics tool for making data-driven decisions. A complete laboratory experimental setup was made to verify the SCADA based alert system. Lastly, conclusions are provided based on the research conducted in each section of this thesis, and areas for future research have been identified. This work will provide solution for clean drinking water for a community in Pakistan with robust supervisory control and data acquisition system.

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