Student Independent Projects Psychology 2017: Risk Factors of Inuit Suicide in Canada

Lyall, Denika (2017) Student Independent Projects Psychology 2017: Risk Factors of Inuit Suicide in Canada. Research Report. Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

This paper focuses on what factors influence the high rates of suicide within Canada’s Inuit populations. The areas that have data include Nunavut, Nunavik, and Nunatsiavut. Based on studies, specific factors that have been found through psychological autopsies will be assessed throughout the paper. These factors include the historical cultural influences, such as the devastating effects of residential schools, that have been shown to have been passed on through generations. Social learning theory has the potential to explain why effects of residential schools are still felt in Inuit populations. Also, relationships have been found to have an impact on suicide, specifically relationship satisfaction. Substance abuse is also prevalent among Inuit who die by suicide, including alcohol and cannabis use. Physical and sexual abuse play a role in Inuit who die by suicide. Lastly, specific psychopathologies are assessed as they are prevalent in Inuit who die by suicide. Through a review of the literature these factors that increase the risk of suicide in Inuit are assessed and examined. This information is critical to implementing effective strategies to reduce the risk of Inuit suicide. A possible solution to decrease the risk of suicide is gatekeeper training, where community members are trained in suicide prevention. Traditional Inuit cultural activities should be considered in implementing a successful prevention program, as Inuit reported how traditional activities increases their mental health.

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