Dietary patterns colorectal cancer risk and survival in Newfoundland, Canada

Sharma, Ishor (2018) Dietary patterns colorectal cancer risk and survival in Newfoundland, Canada. Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

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Abstract

Diet patterns commonly used in epidemiological research are derived using different methods, yet there have been few studies assessing if and how research results may vary in the same population across diet patterns. This study assesses and compares five different diet patterns identified by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Cluster Analysis (CA), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (Alt- Med), Dietary Inflammation Index (DII), and Recommended Food Score (RFS). Colorectal cancer risk and patient’s survival is estimated using different patterns as an independent variable. Comparisons are made using hazards ratio, correlation coefficients and distributions of individuals in clusters. Disease outcome estimation varied with diet patterns used and is mainly attributed to differences in its foundation. Hazards ratios for DFS varied from 1.82; (95% CI- 1.07- 3.09) for processed meat pattern identified by PCA to HR 2.19; (95% CI 1.03-4.67) for cluster characterized by meat and dairy products and HR 1.95; (95% CI 1.13-3.37) for cluster characterized by refined grains, sugar, soft drinks. Only cluster characterized by refined grains, sugar, soft drinks had higher risk of OS (HR 2.05; 95% CI 1.18-3.57). All the diet indices showed similar null associations with both DFS and OS except Poor adherence to altMED increased the risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.62; 95% CI 1.04- 2.56).

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