Effects of normal force, velocity and lubrication on ice friction at high pressures

Dagenais, Justine S. (2014) Effects of normal force, velocity and lubrication on ice friction at high pressures. Masters thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

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Abstract

This thesis focuses on understanding and explaining the behavior of the coefficient of friction for ice against steel in the conditions experienced by ships and offshore structures designed for Polar Regions. Friction tests were executed with a 30⁰, 25 cm diameter, conical sample of ice and a sandblasted stainless steel plate using a rotational ‘turntable shaped’ apparatus in a large cold room to investigate the effect of the normal force, contact area, pressure velocity and lubrication. Pressures up to 1.4 MPa were measured in the results and the ice was observed to fail by a combination of crushing and abrasion. A design of experiments analysis was performed on the results. This analysis indicated that there was almost no variation in friction coefficient associated with changing pressure, contact area, velocity and lubrication. Using conical ice samples, which changed contact areas during the tests, demonstrated that trends observed in past ice friction studies may not be fully representative of ice interactions with structures since ice pieces found at sea are never of perfect regular shape.

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